Quick Guide
1. Check the Instructions
Your bed's assembly instructions should tell you which tools and fixings are required.
2. Gather Basic Tools
A screwdriver, Allen key and possibly a spanner will cover many common bed assembly jobs.
3. Add Useful Extras
A rubber mallet, spirit level or tape measure can be useful depending on the bed design.
4. Use Power Tools Carefully
A drill or electric screwdriver can speed up assembly, but only use one if the instructions allow it.
Before You Start
There is no universal tool list for every bed. Different frames use different screws, bolts, brackets and connectors, so always check the instructions supplied with your particular model first. Use the correct size tool for each fixing and avoid forcing or modifying components if something does not fit.
Essential Bed Assembly Tools
Phillips Screwdriver
A Phillips or cross-head screwdriver is commonly used for screws found on bed frames, brackets and other components. Check the screw head before choosing the size.
Flat-Head Screwdriver
Some beds use slotted screws or components that require a flat-head screwdriver. It can also be useful for certain assembly fittings, but should only be used where appropriate.
Allen Key
Many flat-pack beds use hex-head bolts. An Allen key, also called a hex key, is often supplied with the bed but the required size varies.
Spanner or Wrench
A spanner may be needed where the bed uses nuts and bolts. The required size depends on the hardware supplied.
Useful Optional Tools
Rubber Mallet
A rubber mallet can help gently seat certain joints, dowels or components. It should not be used to force parts together when they are incorrectly aligned.
Electric Screwdriver or Drill
A power tool can reduce the time needed to drive multiple screws. Use the correct bit, low torque and only use powered driving where the manufacturer's instructions permit it.
Spirit Level
Useful for checking whether the assembled frame or support components are sitting evenly, particularly on larger beds.
Tape Measure
Helpful for checking dimensions, alignment and available space when positioning the bed.
Soft Cloth or Gloves
A soft cloth can protect finished surfaces while moving parts, while suitable gloves may make handling heavier components more comfortable.
Which Tool Does What?
Screwdriver
Best for: driving screws and attaching brackets or other fittings.
Allen Key
Best for: tightening hex-head bolts commonly found on flat-pack furniture.
Spanner
Best for: tightening nuts and holding bolt heads where required.
Rubber Mallet
Best for: gently seating components designed to be tapped into position.
Power Drill
Best for: speeding up screw installation when the manufacturer permits powered tools.
Spirit Level
Best for: checking that the finished frame and supports are sitting evenly.
Tools You May Need by Bed Type
Simple Bed Frame
Usually needs basic screwdrivers and/or an Allen key, depending on the fixings. A rubber mallet may be useful for certain joints.
Keep ready: screwdriver, Allen key, optional mallet.Slatted Bed Frame
The main frame may use screws or bolts, while the slats may simply sit in holders or require additional fixings.
Keep ready: screwdriver, Allen key and the tools specified for the slat system.Divan Bed
Some divans require relatively little assembly, while others may need tools for feet, headboards or joining split bases.
Keep ready: screwdriver, Allen key or spanner depending on the model.Ottoman Bed
Ottoman frames can involve more components because of the lifting mechanism. The exact tools vary, so follow the supplied instructions closely.
Keep ready: basic hand tools plus any model-specific tools listed by the manufacturer.How to Use Assembly Tools Safely
- Use the correct screwdriver or Allen key size for each fixing.
- Keep tools properly seated in the fixing to reduce the risk of damaging the screw or bolt.
- Do not over-tighten screws or bolts, particularly where fixings go into timber or finished materials.
- If using a power drill, select a suitable bit and keep the torque setting low.
- Never drill additional holes unless the manufacturer's instructions specifically require it.
- Do not use a metal hammer directly against finished, painted, upholstered or wooden surfaces.
- Keep loose tools and fixings away from children during assembly.
Common Tool Mistakes During Bed Assembly
Using the Wrong Size
An incorrectly sized screwdriver or Allen key can damage the fixing and make later adjustment difficult.
Over-Tightening
More force is not always better. Excessive tightening can damage fixings, timber or other bed components.
Forcing Parts With a Hammer
If a component will not fit, check its orientation and alignment instead of forcing it into position.
Using a Drill Too Aggressively
High torque can strip screws or damage the material. A hand tool may give you better control for the final tightening.
What If You're Missing a Tool?
First check the assembly instructions and packaging carefully. Some beds include an Allen key or another basic tool, but you should not assume every required tool will be supplied.
If a specialist fixing tool is required and has not been supplied, contact the retailer or manufacturer before attempting to substitute it. Using the wrong tool can damage the fixing and make assembly more difficult.
Bed Assembly Tool Checklist
- ☐ Assembly instructions
- ☐ Phillips screwdriver
- ☐ Flat-head screwdriver if required
- ☐ Allen keys / hex keys
- ☐ Spanner or wrench if required
- ☐ Rubber mallet if specified or useful for the design
- ☐ Tape measure
- ☐ Spirit level
- ☐ Electric screwdriver or drill if permitted by the manufacturer
- ☐ Soft cloth or suitable gloves
- ☐ All supplied screws, bolts, brackets and fixings
Ready to Assemble Your Bed?
Once you have the right tools and all the correct fixings, careful preparation makes bed assembly much easier.
View Assembly GuidesFrequently Asked Questions
Do beds come with the tools needed for assembly?
Some beds include a basic tool such as an Allen key, but this varies by manufacturer and model. Always check the instructions before starting.
Do I need a drill to assemble a bed?
Usually not. Many beds can be assembled using basic hand tools. A drill or electric screwdriver may speed up the process, but only use one if the manufacturer's instructions allow it.
Can I use an electric screwdriver?
You may be able to, depending on the bed. Use the correct bit and a low torque setting, and avoid using excessive force when tightening the final fixings.
What screwdriver do I need for a bed?
It depends on the screw heads used by the frame. A Phillips screwdriver is common, but some beds use flat-head or other fixing types. Check the supplied hardware before choosing your tool.
Do I need a rubber mallet to assemble a bed?
Not always. Some designs have joints or components that benefit from gentle tapping, while others can be assembled entirely with screws and bolts.
What tools do I need to assemble an Ottoman bed?
The exact requirements vary by model because Ottoman beds can include additional lifting-mechanism components. Check the manufacturer's instructions for the specific tools and fixings required.
More Bed & Mattress Guides
How to Assemble a Bed
Follow a step-by-step guide to assembling a complete bed.
How to Build a Bed Frame
Learn how the main parts of a bed frame fit together.
How to Assemble a Slatted Bed Frame
Learn how to fit bed slats correctly and securely.
Bed Buying Guides
Compare bed styles, sizes and features before you buy.
Get Your Bed Assembly Right
From choosing the right tools to assembling your bed and selecting a compatible mattress, Mattresses365 has guides to help.
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